C-trees and a coherent presentation for the plactic monoid of type C

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new combinatorial and algebraic framework for the plactic monoid of type C, using decorated columns, coherent presentations, and C-trees to simplify calculations and analyze the structure of relations.

Contribution

It develops a finite convergent presentation for the type C plactic monoid, extends it to a coherent presentation, and introduces C-trees to parameterize highest weight words, simplifying the insertion algorithm.

Findings

Generated 3-cells have shape at most (4,3)

Column presentation of Pl(Cn) has 3-cells of shape at most (4,3)

Contrasts with type A where 3-cells are at most (3,3)

Abstract

In this article we introduce the $\mathbb{N}-$decorated plactic monoid of type $C$, denoted $Pl^\mathbb{N}(C_n)$, via a finite convergent presentation $ACol$, with generating set $ACol(C_n)$ consisting of admissible columns, and an element $\epsilon$. By Squier's coherent completion theorem, this presentation is extended into a coherent presentation by identifying a family of generating confluences, i.e. generating $3-$cells. Here the generating $3-$cells are critical branchings on words of length $3$. We adapt the notions of crystal structure to $ACol(C_n)^\ast$ , and show that the shape of $3-$cells is preserved by the action of Kashiwara operators. Thus we reduce the study of the coherent presentation to only describing the generating $3-$cells whose source is a word of highest weight. We then introduce combinatorial objects called $C-$trees which parameterize the words of highest weight in $ACol(C_n)^\ast$. The $C-$trees allow for simplifying calculations with the insertion algorithm in type $C$, as introduced in by Lecouvey, and we prove that the generating $3-$cells in $ACol$ are of shape at most $(4,3)$. As a consequence, we show that the column presentation of $Pl(C_n)$, as introduced by Hage, has generating $3-$cells of shape at most $(4,3)$. This contrasts the situation in type $A$, where the $3-$cells in the column presentation of $Pl(A_n)$ are of shape at most $(3,3)$.