The Hydrostatic Approximation for the Primitive Equations by the Scaled Navier-Stokes Equations under the No-Slip Boundary Condition

TL;DR

This paper rigorously justifies the hydrostatic approximation of primitive equations from scaled Navier-Stokes equations in a three-dimensional domain with no-slip boundary conditions, establishing convergence and well-posedness in maximal regularity spaces.

Contribution

It provides a mathematical proof of the hydrostatic approximation's validity and convergence rate in the maximal $L^p$-$L^q$ setting for the primitive equations with no-slip boundary conditions.

Findings

Convergence of scaled Navier-Stokes solutions to primitive equations with order O(ε).

Global well-posedness of scaled Navier-Stokes equations for small ε.

Validation of hydrostatic approximation in maximal regularity framework.

Abstract

In this paper we justify the hydrostatic approximation of the primitive equations in the maximal $L^p$-$L^q$-setting in the three-dimensional layer domain $\Omega = \Torus^2 \times (-1, 1)$ under the no-slip (Dirichlet) boundary condition in any time interval $(0, T)$ for $T>0$. We show that the solution to the scaled Navier-Stokes equations with Besov initial data $u_0 \in B^{s}_{q,p}(\Omega)$ for $s > 2 - 2/p + 1/ q$ converges to the solution to the primitive equations with the same initial data in $\mathbb{E}_1 (T) = W^{1, p}(0, T ; L^q (\Omega)) \cap L^p(0, T ; W^{2, q} (\Omega)) $ with order $O(\epsilon)$ where $(p,q) \in (1,\infty)^2$ satisfies $ \frac{1}{p} \leq \min \bracket{ 1 - 1/q, 3/2 - 2/q }$. The global well-posedness of the scaled Navier-Stokes equations in $\mathbb{E}_1 (T)$ is also proved for sufficiently small $\epsilon>0$. Note that $T = \infty$ is included.