Thermal Transfer in Amorphous Superionic Systems

TL;DR

This study uses atomic simulations to analyze thermal excitations and heat transfer mechanisms in amorphous Li2S across solid, partial-solid, and liquid states, revealing the significant roles of vibrations and convection.

Contribution

It provides a detailed quantitative analysis of vibrational and convective heat transfer in amorphous Li2S, highlighting the impact of temperature on thermal conductivity and excitation mechanisms.

Findings

Vibration scattering times range from femtoseconds to picoseconds.

Thermal conductivity decreases with temperature, from 0.8 to 0.56 W/mK.

Convection contributes significantly to heat transfer in the liquid state.

Abstract

Using direct atomic simulations, the vibration scattering time scales are characterized, and then the nature and the quantitative weight of thermal excitations are investigated in an example system Li2S from its amorphous solid state to its partial-solid partial-liquid and, liquid states. For the amorphous solid state at 300 K, the vibration scattering time ranges a few femtoseconds to several picoseconds. As a result, both the progagons and diffusons are the main heat carriers and contribute largely to the total thermal conductivity. The enhancement of scattering among vibrations and between vibrations and free ions flow due to the increase of temperature, will lead to a large reduction of the scattering time scale and the acoustic vibrational thermal conductivity, i.e., 0.8 W/mK at 300 K to 0.56 W/mK in the partial solid partial liquid Li2S at 700 K. In this latter state, the thermal conductivity contributed by convection increases to the half of the total, as a result of the usually neglected cross-correlation between the virial term and the free ions' flow. The vibrational scattering time can be as large as ~ 1.5 picoseconds yet, and the vibrational conductivity is reduced to a still significant 0.42 W/mK highlighting the unexpected role of acoustic transverse and longitudinal vibrations in liquid Li2S at 1100 K. At this same temperature, the convection heat transfer takes overreaching 0.63 W/mK. Our study provides a fundamental understanding of the thermal excitations at play in amorphous materials from solid to liquid.