Interaction between kinks and antikinks with double long-range tails

TL;DR

This paper investigates the interactions of kinks and antikinks with long-range tails in certain scalar field models, revealing unique annihilation behavior and developing efficient numerical methods for their analysis.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach to estimate forces between long-range kinks and antikinks and presents efficient numerical initialization techniques for dynamic simulations.

Findings

No long-lived bion formation observed.

Annihilation occurs at ultrarelativistic velocities.

Distinct behavior from standard $ ext{phi}^4$ model.

Abstract

We explore a class of $\phi^{4n}$ models with kink and antikink solutions that have long-range tails on both sides, specializing to the cases with $n=2$ and $n=3$. A recently developed method of an accelerating kink ansatz is used to estimate the force between the kink and the antikink. We use state-of-the-art numerical methods to initialize the system in a kink-antikink configuration with a finite initial velocity and to evolve the system according to the equations of motion. Among these methods, we propose a computationally efficient way to initialize the velocity field of the system. Interestingly, we discover that, for this class of models, $\phi^{4n}$ with $n>1$, the kink-antikink annihilation behaves differently from the archetypal $\phi^4$ model or even the kinks with one long-range tail because there is neither long-lived bion formation nor resonance windows and the critical velocity is ultrarelativistic.