Effects of the QCD phase transition on hadronic observables in relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of heavy-ion reactions in the FAIR/NICA energy regime

TL;DR

This study uses relativistic hydrodynamics to analyze how the QCD phase transition influences hadronic particle spectra and flow in heavy-ion collisions at FAIR/NICA energies, comparing different equations of state with experimental data.

Contribution

It introduces a hydrodynamic model incorporating the QCD phase transition effects and compares results with experimental and microscopic models in the FAIR/NICA energy regime.

Findings

Hydrodynamic simulations match experimental data for certain observables.

Sensitivity of results to initial conditions and particlization parameters.

Differences observed between equations of state impact particle spectra.

Abstract

We investigate hadronic particle spectra and flow characteristics of heavy-ion reactions in the FAIR/NICA energy range of $1\ A{\rm GeV} \le E_{\rm lab} \le 10\ A{\rm GeV}$ within a relativistic ideal hydrodynamic one-fluid approach. The particlization is realized by sampling the Cooper-Frye distribution for a grand canonical hadron gas on a hypersurface of constant energy density. Results of the hydrodynamic calculations for different underlying equations of state are presented and compared with experimental data and microscopic transport simulations. The sensitivity of the approach to physical model inputs concerning the initial state and the particlization is studied.