Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detectors for Quantum Information

TL;DR

This paper reviews superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), highlighting their principles, performance metrics, and applications in quantum information processing such as quantum key distribution and optical quantum computing.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of SNSPD technology, including recent performance developments and their role in quantum information applications.

Findings

SNSPDs have higher detection efficiency and lower dark counts than traditional detectors.

Recent advances have improved SNSPD timing jitter and counting rates.

SNSPDs are crucial for advancing quantum communication and computation.

Abstract

The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is a quantum-limit superconducting optical detector based on the Cooper-pair breaking effect by a single photon, which exhibits a higher detection efficiency, lower dark count rate, higher counting rate, and lower timing jitter when compared with those exhibited by its counterparts. SNSPDs have been extensively applied in quantum information processing, including quantum key distribution and optical quantum computation. In this review, we present the requirements of single-photon detectors from quantum information, as well as the principle, key metrics, latest performance issues and other issues associated with SNSPD. The representative applications of SNSPDs with respect to quantum information will also be covered.