Fake dark matter from retarded distortions

TL;DR

This paper explores how relativistic gravitational distortions caused by matter inhomogeneities can account for dark matter and dark energy effects, suggesting that these phenomena may be explained as relativistic effects rather than new particles or fields.

Contribution

It introduces a framework applying relativistic models to explain dark matter and dark energy as retarded gravitational distortions, expanding the range of possible cosmological solutions.

Findings

One solution explains dark energy fully but needs more dark matter.

Another explains dark matter fully but requires more dark energy.

A third solution accounts for part of both dark matter and dark energy.

Abstract

We push ahead the idea developed in [24], that some fraction of the dark matter and the dark energy can be explained as a relativistic effect. The inhomogeneity matter generates gravitational distortions, which are general relativistically retarded. These combine in a magnification effect since the past matter density, which generated the distortion we feel now, is greater than the present one. The non negligible effect on the averaged expansion of the universe contributes both to the estimations of the dark matter and to the dark energy, so that the parameters of the Cosmological Standard Model need some corrections. In this second work we apply the previously developed framework to relativistic models of the universe. It results that one parameter remain free, so that more solutions are possible, as function of inhomogeneity. One of these fully explains the dark energy, but requires more dark matter than the Cosmological Standard Model (91% of the total matter). Another solution fully explains the dark matter, but requires more dark energy than the Cosmological Standard Model (15% more). A third noteworthy solution explains a consistent part of the dark matter (it would be 63% of the total matter) and also some of the dark energy (4%).