Universal compressive characterization of quantum dynamics

TL;DR

This paper introduces an adaptive compression method for efficiently characterizing complex quantum processes with fewer measurements, applicable to high-dimensional systems and robust against noise.

Contribution

It presents a novel diagonal-element-probing compression technique that significantly reduces measurement costs for quantum process characterization.

Findings

Achieves measurement cost of order O(d^2) for d-dimensional systems

Demonstrates robustness against statistical noise

Validated through numerical and experimental results

Abstract

Recent quantum technologies utilize complex multidimensional processes that govern the dynamics of quantum systems. We develop an adaptive diagonal-element-probing compression technique that feasibly characterizes any unknown quantum processes using much fewer measurements compared to conventional methods. This technique utilizes compressive projective measurements that are generalizable to arbitrary number of subsystems. Both numerical analysis and experimental results with unitary gates demonstrate low measurement costs, of order $O(d^2)$ for $d$-dimensional systems, and robustness against statistical noise. Our work potentially paves the way for a reliable and highly compressive characterization of general quantum devices.