Stabilized leapfrog based local time-stepping method for the wave equation

TL;DR

This paper introduces a stabilized leapfrog-based local time-stepping method for wave equations that removes critical stability constraints, allowing larger time steps in locally refined meshes while maintaining accuracy and energy conservation.

Contribution

A slight modification to the existing LF-LTS method is proposed, removing critical CFL stability values and enabling larger time steps independent of local mesh size.

Findings

The stabilized method is fully explicit and second-order accurate.

It preserves energy and satisfies a leapfrog-like recurrence.

The method achieves optimal convergence rates under relaxed CFL conditions.

Abstract

Local time-stepping methods permit to overcome the severe stability constraint on explicit methods caused by local mesh refinement without sacrificing explicitness. In \cite{DiazGrote09}, a leapfrog based explicit local time-stepping (LF-LTS) method was proposed for the time integration of second-order wave equations. Recently, optimal convergence rates were proved for a conforming FEM discretization, albeit under a CFL stability condition where the global time-step, $\Delta t$, depends on the smallest elements in the mesh \cite{grote_sauter_1}. In general one cannot improve upon that stability constraint, as the LF-LTS method may become unstable at certain discrete values of $\Delta t$. To remove those critical values of $\Delta t$, we apply a slight modification (as in recent work on LF-Chebyshev methods \cite{CarHocStu19}) to the original LF-LTS method which nonetheless preserves its desirable properties: it is fully explicit, second-order accurate, satisfies a three-term (leapfrog like) recurrence relation, and conserves the energy. The new stabilized LF-LTS method also yields optimal convergence rates for a standard conforming FE discretization, yet under a CFL condition where $\Delta t$ no longer depends on the mesh size inside the locally refined region.