Experimental diagnostics of entanglement swapping by a collective entanglement test

TL;DR

This paper presents an experimental method using a collective entanglement witness to diagnose and distinguish various disturbances in entanglement swapping, improving efficiency in quantum communication diagnostics.

Contribution

The authors introduce a collective entanglement witness technique that detects and differentiates disturbances in entanglement swapping with fewer measurements than existing methods.

Findings

Successfully distinguished depolarization, phase-damping, amplitude-damping, and imperfect Bell-state measurement.

Demonstrated the method's effectiveness in practical quantum communication scenarios.

Reduced measurement requirements compared to traditional diagnostic approaches.

Abstract

The paper reports on experimental diagnostics of entanglement swapping protocol by means of collective entanglement witness. Our approach is suitable to detect disturbances occurring in the preparation of quantum states, quantum communication channel and imperfect Bell-state projection. More specifically we demonstrate that our method can distinguish disturbances such as depolarization, phase-damping, amplitude-damping and imperfect Bell-state measurement by observing four probabilities and estimating collective entanglement witness. Since entanglement swapping is a key procedure for quantum repeaters, quantum relays, device-independent quantum communications or entanglement assisted error correction, this can aid in faster and practical resolution of quality-of-transmission related problems as our approach requires less measurements then other means of diagnostics.