Mid-infrared frequency combs at 10 GHz

TL;DR

This paper presents the generation of high-repetition-rate mid-infrared frequency combs using intra-pulse difference-frequency generation in nonlinear media, enabling advanced spectroscopy and radiometry applications.

Contribution

It demonstrates a novel approach to produce 10 GHz MIR frequency combs with broad spectral coverage using integrated nonlinear waveguides and intra-pulse DFG techniques.

Findings

Successful generation of MIR combs at 3.1--4.1 μm and 7--11 μm.

Integration of f-2f interferometry for carrier-envelope-offset detection.

Potential for applications in condensed phase spectroscopy and radiometry.

Abstract

We demonstrate mid-infrared (MIR) frequency combs at 10 GHz repetition rate via intra-pulse difference-frequency generation (DFG) in quasi-phase-matched nonlinear media. Few-cycle pump pulses ($\mathbf{\lesssim}$15 fs, 100 pJ) from a near-infrared (NIR) electro-optic frequency comb are provided via nonlinear soliton-like compression in photonic-chip silicon-nitride waveguides. Subsequent intra-pulse DFG in periodically-poled lithium niobate waveguides yields MIR frequency combs in the 3.1--4.1 $\mu$m region, while orientation-patterned gallium phosphide provides coverage across 7--11 $\mu$m. Cascaded second-order nonlinearities simultaneously provide access to the carrier-envelope-offset frequency of the pump source via in-line f-2f nonlinear interferometry. The high-repetition rate MIR frequency combs introduced here can be used for condensed phase spectroscopy and applications such as laser heterodyne radiometry.