Background magnetic field and quantum correlations in the Schwinger effect

TL;DR

This paper investigates how background magnetic fields influence quantum correlations, such as entanglement, in particle-antiparticle pairs created by the Schwinger effect in a Minkowski spacetime with electric and magnetic fields.

Contribution

It analyzes the interplay between electric and magnetic fields on quantum correlations in the Schwinger effect, including entanglement entropy, negativity, and mutual information for charged scalar fields.

Findings

Magnetic fields affect entanglement degradation in the Schwinger effect.

Qualitative differences depend on the charge content of the states.

Magnetic fields may influence entanglement in accelerated frames.

Abstract

In this work we consider two complex scalar fields distinguished by their masses coupled to constant background electric and magnetic fields in the $(3+1)$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime and subsequently investigate a few measures quantifying the quantum correlations between the created particle-antiparticle Schwinger pairs. Since the background magnetic field itself cannot cause the decay of the Minkowski vacuum, our chief motivation here is to investigate the interplay between the effects due to the electric and magnetic fields. We start by computing the entanglement entropy for the vacuum state of a single scalar field. Second, we consider some maximally entangled states for the two-scalar field system and compute the logarithmic negativity and the mutual information. Qualitative differences of these results pertaining to the charge content of the states are emphasised. Based upon these results, we suggest some possible effects of a background magnetic field on the degradation of entanglement between states in an accelerated frame, for charged quantum fields.