Selecting third-party libraries: The practitioners' perspective

TL;DR

This paper investigates how industry developers select third-party libraries, identifying key factors influencing their decisions through interviews and surveys, including eight novel factors not previously documented.

Contribution

It systematically identifies and explains 26 factors affecting library selection, with 8 new factors, providing practical insights for developers and maintainers.

Findings

Eight new influential factors identified

A comprehensive set of 26 factors affecting library choice

Practical implications for developers and library maintainers

Abstract

The selection of third-party libraries is an essential element of virtually any software development project. However, deciding which libraries to choose is a challenging practical problem. Selecting the wrong library can severely impact a software project in terms of cost, time, and development effort, with the severity of the impact depending on the role of the library in the software architecture, among others. Despite the importance of following a careful library selection process, in practice, the selection of third-party libraries is still conducted in an ad-hoc manner, where dozens of factors play an influential role in the decision. In this paper, we study the factors that influence the selection process of libraries, as perceived by industry developers. To that aim, we perform a cross-sectional interview study with 16 developers from 11 different businesses and survey 115 developers that are involved in the selection of libraries. We systematically devised a comprehensive set of 26 technical, human, and economic factors that developers take into consideration when selecting a software library. Eight of these factors are new to the literature. We explain each of these factors and how they play a role in the decision. Finally, we discuss the implications of our work to library maintainers, potential library users, package manager developers, and empirical software engineering researchers.