Extremely well isolated 2D spin-$1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg layers with small exchange coupling in the molecular-based magnet CuPOF

TL;DR

This paper characterizes a newly synthesized 2D spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg magnet with extremely weak interlayer coupling, revealing detailed magnetic properties and phase transitions through various experimental techniques.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive experimental and theoretical analysis of CuPOF, demonstrating it as an ideal realization of a 2D square-lattice $S=1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with minimal interlayer interactions.

Findings

Weak interlayer coupling of about 1 mK confirmed

Observation of a temperature-driven crossover from isotropic to XY spin correlations

Detection of a transition to long-range order at 1.38 K and its enhancement under magnetic field

Abstract

We report on a comprehensive characterization of the newly synthesized Cu$^{2+}$-based molecular magnet [Cu(pz)$_2$(2-HOpy)$_2$](PF$_6$)$_2$ (CuPOF), where pz = C$_4$H$_4$N$_2$ and 2-HOpy = C$_5$H$_4$NHO. From a comparison of theoretical modeling to results of bulk magnetometry, specific heat, $\mu^+$SR, ESR, and NMR spectroscopy, this material is determined as an excellent realization of the 2D square-lattice $S=1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with a moderate intraplane nearest-neighbor exchange coupling of $J/k_\mathrm{B} = 6.80(5)$ K, and an extremely small interlayer interaction of about 1 mK. At zero field, the bulk magnetometry reveals a temperature-driven crossover of spin correlations from isotropic to $XY$ type, caused by the presence of a weak intrinsic easy-plane anisotropy. A transition to long-range order, driven by the low-temperature $XY$ anisotropy under the influence of the interlayer coupling, occurs at $T_\mathrm{N} = 1.38(2)$ K, as revealed by $\mu^+$SR. In applied magnetic fields, our $^1$H-NMR data reveal a strong increase of the magnetic anisotropy, manifested by a pronounced enhancement of the transition temperature to commensurate long-range order at $T_\mathrm{N} =2.8$ K and 7 T.