Generalized half-center oscillators with short-term synaptic plasticity

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new generalized half-center oscillator model that simulates neural circuits involved in locomotion, incorporating short-term synaptic plasticity and enabling flexible rhythmic patterns based on external inputs.

Contribution

The paper presents a novel, physiologically plausible model of gHCOs that accounts for short-term synaptic plasticity and provides a systematic approach for parameter calibration.

Findings

Model produces alternating bursting or synchronous patterns.

Parameter calibration based on bifurcation analysis.

Effective for developing realistic CPG models.

Abstract

How can we develop simple yet realistic models of the small neural circuits known as central pattern generators (CPGs), which contribute to generate complex multi-phase locomotion in living animals? In this paper we introduce a new model (with design criteria) of a generalized half-center oscillator (gHCO), (pools of) neurons reciprocally coupled by fast/slow inhibitory and excitatory synapses, to produce either alternating bursting or synchronous patterns depending on the sensory or other external input. We also show how to calibrate its parameters, based on both physiological and functional criteria and on bifurcation analysis. This model accounts for short-term neuromodulation in a bio-physically plausible way and is a building block to develop more realistic and functionally accurate CPG models. Examples and counterexamples are used to point out the generality and effectiveness of our design approach.