Catalogue of central stars of planetary nebulae: Expanded edition

TL;DR

This paper presents an expanded catalogue of 620 central stars of planetary nebulae, providing detailed spectral and physical data, enabling new insights into their composition, evolution, and binary star prevalence.

Contribution

It introduces a significantly enlarged and detailed catalogue of CSPNe, with new statistical analyses revealing key evolutionary trends and the role of binary systems.

Findings

H-rich/H-poor ratio is 2:1

Deficiency of CSPNe with types [WC 5-6]

80% of binary CSPNe are H-rich

Abstract

Planetary nebulae represent a potential late stage of stellar evolution, however the central stars (CSPNe) are relatively faint and therefore pertinent information is merely available for <20% of the Galactic sample. Consequently, the literature was surveyed to construct a new catalogue of 620 CSPNe featuring important spectral classifications and information. The catalogue supersedes the existing iteration by 25%, and includes physical parameters such as luminosity, surface gravity, temperature, magnitude estimates, and references for published spectra. The marked statistical improvement enabled the following pertinent conclusions to be determined: the H-rich/H-poor ratio is 2:1, there is a deficiency of CSPNe with types [WC 5-6], and nearly 80% of binary central stars belong to the H-rich group. The last finding suggests that evolutionary scenarios leading to the formation of binary central stars interfere with the conditions required for the formation of H-poor CSPN. Approximately 50% of the sample with derived values of log L, log Teff, and log g, exhibit masses and ages consistent with single stellar evolutionary models. The implication is that single stars are indeed able to form planetary nebulae. Moreover, it is shown that H-poor CSPNe are formed by higher mass progenitors. The catalogue is available through the Vizier database.