Asteroseismology of evolved stars to constrain the internal transport of angular momentum. III. Using the rotation rates of intermediate-mass stars to test the Fuller-formalism

TL;DR

This study tests the Fuller-formalism, a new angular momentum transport model based on the Tayler instability, against observed core rotation rates of intermediate-mass stars during different evolutionary phases, revealing its limitations.

Contribution

It evaluates the effectiveness of the Fuller-formalism in explaining stellar core rotation rates, highlighting its inability to fully account for angular momentum transport in evolved stars.

Findings

Models with Fuller-formalism match core rotation in core He burning phase.

Models with Fuller-formalism fail to reproduce white dwarf rotation rates.

Excluding Fuller-formalism at the end of core He burning aligns models with observed white dwarf rotations.

Abstract

Context: The internal characteristics of stars, such as their core rotation rates, are obtained via asteroseismic observations. A comparison of core rotation rates found in this way with core rotation rates as predicted by stellar evolution models demonstrate a large discrepancy. This means that there must be a process of angular momentum transport missing in the current theory of stellar evolution. A new formalism was recently proposed to fill in for this missing process, which has the Tayler instability as its starting point (hereafter referred to as `Fuller-formalism'). Aims: We investigate the effect of the Fuller-formalism on the internal rotation of stellar models with an initial mass of 2.5 Mo. Methods: Stellar evolution models, including the Fuller-formalism, of intermediate-mass stars were calculated to make a comparison between asteroseismically obtained core rotation rates in the core He burning phase and in the white dwarf phase. Results: Our main results show that models including the Fuller-formalism can match the core rotation rates obtained for the core He burning phases. However, these models are unable to match the rotation rates obtained for white dwarfs. When we exclude the Fuller-formalism at the end of the core He burning phase, the white dwarf rotation rates of the models match the observed rates. Conclusions: We conclude that in the present form, the Fuller-formalism cannot be the sole solution for the missing process of angular momentum transport in intermediate-mass stars.