Paradoxical Results of Long-Term Potentiation explained by Voltage-based Plasticity Rule

TL;DR

This paper presents a voltage-based plasticity model that explains how the same stimulation can cause either potentiation or depression depending on dendritic location and activity patterns, resolving paradoxical experimental observations.

Contribution

The study introduces a phenomenological Hebbian plasticity model based on local voltage and glutamate traces, explaining location-dependent synaptic changes.

Findings

Voltage neighborhood predicts synaptic change direction.

Model explains location-dependent LTP and LTD outcomes.

Matches experimental dendritic voltage recordings.

Abstract

Experiments have shown that the same stimulation pattern that causes Long-Term Potentiation in proximal synapses, will induce Long-Term Depression in distal ones. In order to understand these, and other, surprising observations we use a phenomenological model of Hebbian plasticity at the location of the synapse. Our computational model describes the Hebbian condition of joint activity of pre- and post-synaptic neuron in a compact form as the interaction of the glutamate trace left by a presynaptic spike with the time course of the postsynaptic voltage. We test the model using experimentally recorded dendritic voltage traces in hippocampus and neocortex. We find that the time course of the voltage in the neighborhood of a stimulated synapse is a reliable predictor of whether a stimulated synapse undergoes potentiation, depression, or no change. Our model can explain the existence of different -- at first glance seemingly paradoxical -- outcomes of synaptic potentiation and depression experiments depending on the dendritic location of the synapse and the frequency or timing of the stimulation.