Enhanced heat transfer with core-shell metal dielectric nanoparticles

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that gold-silica core-shell nanoparticles facilitate faster heat transfer to water compared to homogeneous gold nanoparticles, due to direct interfacial coupling, with implications for thermoplasmonic applications.

Contribution

It introduces the advantage of core-shell nanoparticles for enhanced heat transfer and provides analytical and numerical insights into the underlying mechanisms.

Findings

Core-shell nanoparticles enable faster heat transfer to water.

Optimal heating occurs with thin silica shells and ultrafast laser pulses.

Direct interfacial coupling between electrons and phonons is key.

Abstract

Heat transfer from irradiated metallic nanoparticles is relevant to a broad array of applications ranging from water desalination to photoacoustics. The efficacy of such processes relies on the ability of these nanoparticles to absorb the pulsed illuminating light and to quickly transfer energy to the environment. Here we show that compared to homogeneous gold nanoparticles having the same size, gold-silica core-shell nanoparticles enable heat transfers to liquid water that are faster. We reach this conclusion by considering both analytical and numerical calculations. The key factor explaining enhanced heat transfer is the direct interfacial coupling between metal electrons and silica phonons. We discuss how to obtain fast heating of water in the vicinity of the particle and show that optimal conditions involve nanoparticles with thin silica shells irradiated by ultrafast laser pulses. Our findings should serve as guides for the optimization of thermoplasmonic applications of core-shell nanoparticles.