Automatic real analyticity and a regal proof of a commutative multivariate L\"owner theorem

TL;DR

This paper extends the 'royal road' method from noncommutative function theory to several complex variables, proving that certain functions with specific properties are necessarily real analytic and characterizing matrix monotone lite functions.

Contribution

It adapts the 'royal road' technique to multivariate settings, providing a new proof of a multivariate L"owner theorem and characterizing matrix monotone lite functions.

Findings

Functions with certain properties are real analytic.

Matrix monotone lite functions extend analytically to the multivariate upper half plane.

Two-variable matrix monotone lite functions are locally matrix monotone.

Abstract

We adapt the "royal road" method used to simplify automatic analyticity theorems in noncommutative function theory to several complex variables. We show that certain families of functions must be real analytic if they have certain nice properties on one dimensional slices. Let $E \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ be open. A function $f:E \to \mathbb{R}$ is matrix monotone lite if $f(\varphi_1(t), \ldots, \varphi_d(t))$ is a matrix monotone function of $t$ whenever $t \in (0,1)$, the $\varphi_i$ are automorphisms of the upper half plane, and the tuple $(\varphi_1(t), \ldots, \varphi_d(t))$ maps $(0,1)$ into $E$. We use the "royal road" to show that a function is matrix monotone lite if and only if it analytically continues to the multi-variate upper half plane as a map into the upper half plane. Moreover, matrix monotone lite functions in two variables are locally matrix monotone in the sense of Agler-McCarthy-Young.