A Review of Quantum and Hybrid Quantum / Classical Blockchain Protocols
Marcus Edwards (1), Atefeh Mashatan (2), Shohini Ghose (3, 1) ((1), Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Canada, (2) School, of Information Technology Management, Ryerson University, Toronto, Canada,, (3) Department of Physics, Computer Science
TL;DR
This paper reviews the current state of quantum and hybrid quantum-classical blockchain protocols, discussing their challenges, potential benefits, and open research questions to improve blockchain technology.
Contribution
It provides a comprehensive overview of existing quantum blockchain research and explores how quantum computing can both challenge and enhance blockchain systems.
Findings
Quantum computers pose challenges to blockchain security.
Quantum technology can improve blockchain implementation.
Open questions remain in integrating quantum with blockchain.
Abstract
Blockchain technology is facing critical issues of scalability, efficiency and sustainability. These problems are necessary to solve if blockchain is to become a technology that can be used responsibly. Useful quantum computers could potentially be developed by the time that blockchain will be widely implemented for mission-critical work at financial and other institutions. Quantum computing will not only cause challenges for blockchain, but can also be harnessed to better implement parts of blockchain technologies including cryptocurrencies. We review the work that has been done in the area of quantum blockchain and hybrid quantum-classical blockchain technology and discuss open questions that remain.
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