From Polarimetry to Helicity: Studies of Solar Magnetic Fields at the Huairou Solar Observing Station

TL;DR

This paper reviews solar magnetic field measurement techniques at Huairou Station, focusing on non-potentiality aspects like shear, current, and helicity, and discusses challenges and progress in the field.

Contribution

It provides an overview of recent research advancements in measuring solar magnetic fields and addresses key issues and future challenges in the domain.

Findings

Progress in magnetic field measurement techniques at Huairou Station

Insights into non-potentiality features such as shear, current, and helicity

Discussion of measurement challenges and future directions

Abstract

In this paper, we briefly introduce the basic questions in the measurements of solar magnetic fields and the possible error sources due to the approximation of the theory of radiation transfer of spectral lines in the solar atmosphere. We introduce some basic research progress in magnetic field measurement at Huairou Solar Observing Station of National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, especially concerning the non-potentiality in solar active regions, such as the magnetic shear, current and helicity. We also discuss some basic questions for the measurements of the magnetic fields and corresponding challenges for the future studies.