Interference effects in dilepton resonance searches for Z' bosons and dark matter mediators

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates that interference effects significantly impact dilepton resonance searches for Z' bosons and dark matter mediators, leading to stronger exclusion limits and providing an open-source tool for analysis.

Contribution

It highlights the importance of interference effects in Z' searches and introduces ZPEED, a tool for rapid likelihood and exclusion calculations for Z' models.

Findings

Interference effects can substantially strengthen bounds on Z' couplings.

Exclusion limits for dark matter models are pushed to higher Z' masses.

The study validates and applies the latest ATLAS dilepton search data.

Abstract

New Z' gauge bosons arise in many extensions of the Standard Model and predict resonances in the dilepton invariant mass spectrum. Searches for such resonances therefore provide important constraints on many models of new physics, but the resulting bounds are often calculated without interference effects. In this work we show that the effect of interference is significant and cannot be neglected whenever the Z' width is large (for example because of an invisible contribution). To illustrate this point, we implement and validate the most recent 139 fb$^{-1}$ dilepton search from ATLAS and obtain exclusion limits on general Z' models as well as on simplified dark matter models with spin-1 mediators. We find that interference can substantially strengthen the bound on the Z' couplings and push exclusion limits for dark matter simplified models to higher values of the Z' mass. Together with this study we release the open-source code ZPEED, which provides fast likelihoods and exclusion bounds for general Z' models.