Lesson from a soluble model of critical point and primary photons

TL;DR

This paper investigates a soluble scalar model to understand the critical point in high-temperature particle physics, highlighting the role of fluctuations and potential photon yield signatures of criticality.

Contribution

It introduces a solvable model of scalars with spontaneous scale symmetry breaking to analyze critical phenomena and photon fluctuations at the critical point.

Findings

Critical point identified via temperature and dilaton mass relationship

Particle density fluctuations sharply increase at the critical point

Photon yield fluctuations may serve as experimental signatures

Abstract

The critical point in particle physics at high temperature is studied through the ideal gas of scalars, the dilatons, in the model that implies the spontaneous breaking of an approximate scale symmetry. We consider the dynamical system of identical particles weakly interacting to each other. The critical point with the temperature as a function of a dilaton mass is established. The fluctuation of particle density grows up very sharply at critical point. Our results also suggest that the critical point may be identified through the fluctuation in yield of primary photons induced by conformal anomaly of strong and electromagnetic sectors of matter.