Three-player polaritons: nonadiabatic fingerprints in an entangled atom-molecule-photon system

TL;DR

This paper theoretically explores a three-component quantum system involving atoms, molecules, and photons in a cavity, revealing how cavity parameters influence polariton states and identifying a nonadiabatic fingerprint through an intensity borrowing effect.

Contribution

It introduces the concept of three-player polaritons in a cavity system and uncovers a nonadiabatic fingerprint via an intensity borrowing effect in atomic spectra.

Findings

Formation of hybrid atom-molecule-photon polaritons at strong cavity fields

Significant changes in potential energy landscape with cavity wavelength adjustments

Identification of a nonadiabatic fingerprint through intensity borrowing in atomic spectra

Abstract

A quantum system composed of a molecule and an atomic ensemble, confined in a microscopic cavity, is investigated theoretically. The indirect coupling between atoms and the molecule, realized by their interaction with the cavity radiation mode, leads to a coherent mixing of atomic and molecular states, and at strong enough cavity field strengths hybrid atom-molecule-photon polaritons are formed. It is shown for the Na$_2$ molecule that by changing the cavity wavelength and the atomic transition frequency, the potential energy landscape of the polaritonic states and the corresponding spectrum could be changed significantly. Moreover, an unforeseen intensity borrowing effect, which can be seen as a strong nonadiabatic fingerprint, is identified in the atomic transition peak, originating from the contamination of the atomic excited state with excited molecular rovibronic states.