Global existence of strong solutions to a groundwater flow problem

TL;DR

This paper proves the existence of strong solutions for a complex groundwater flow model involving nonlinear PDEs, using matrix decomposition techniques to establish uniform bounds on the solution's gradient.

Contribution

It introduces a novel approach using matrix decomposition to analyze a nonlinear PDE system modeling groundwater flow, establishing global strong solutions.

Findings

Existence of strong solutions in bounded domains for all positive times.

Development of a parabolic equation for a key nonlinear term.

Derivation of uniform gradient bounds for the solution.

Abstract

In this paper we study the initial boundary value problem for the system $\Delta v= u_{x_1},\ u_t-\mbox{div}\left(\left((a|\mathbf{q}|+m)I+(b-a)\frac{\mathbf{q}\otimes\mathbf{q}}{|\mathbf{q}|}\right)\nabla u\right)=-\nabla u\cdot\mathbf{q}$, where $\mathbf{q}=(-v_{x_2}, v_{x_1})^T$, $\mathbf{q}\otimes\mathbf{q}=\mathbf{q}\mathbf{q}^T$. This problem has been proposed as a model for a fluid flowing through a porous medium under the influence of gravity and hydrodynamic dispersion. For each $T>0$ we obtain a so-called strong solution $(v, u)$ in the function space $L^\infty(0,T; \left(W^{1,\infty}(\Omega)\right)^2)$, where $\Omega$ is a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^2$. The key ingredient in our approach is the decomposition $A^2=\mbox{tr} (A)A-\mbox{det}(A) I$ for any $2\times 2$ symmetric matrix $A$. By exploring this decomposition, we are able to derive an equation of parabolic type for the function $\left(\left((a|\mathbf{q}|+m)I+(b-a)\frac{\mathbf{q}\otimes\mathbf{q}}{|\mathbf{q}|}\right)\nabla u\cdot\nabla u\right)^j, j\geq 1$. With the aid of this equation we obtain a uniform bound for $\nabla u$.