Constraining properties of the next nearby core-collapse supernova with multi-messenger signals

TL;DR

This paper predicts neutrino and gravitational wave signals from 1D supernova simulations across a range of progenitors, aiming to improve interpretation of multi-messenger detections and constrain stellar evolution.

Contribution

It introduces detailed 1D simulation predictions of multi-messenger signals using the STIR model, linking signals to progenitor structure and remnant properties.

Findings

Signals are strongly correlated with progenitor structure.

Future detections can constrain stellar evolution independently.

Simulations cover progenitors from 9 to 120 solar masses.

Abstract

With the advent of modern neutrino and gravitational wave detectors, the promise of multi-messenger detections of the next galactic core-collapse supernova has become very real. Such detections will give insight into the core-collapse supernova mechanism, the structure of the progenitor star, and may resolve longstanding questions in fundamental physics. In order to properly interpret these detections, a thorough understanding of the landscape of possible core-collapse supernova events, and their multi-messenger signals, is needed. We present detailed predictions of neutrino and gravitational wave signals from 1D simulations of stellar core collapse, spanning the landscape of core-collapse progenitors from $9-120\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. In order to achieve explosions in 1D, we use the STIR model, which includes the effects of turbulence and convection in 1D supernova simulations to mimic the 3D explosion mechanism. We study the gravitational wave emission from the 1D simulations using an astroseismology analysis of the proto-neutron star. We find that the neutrino and gravitational wave signals are strongly correlated with the structure of the progenitor star and remnant compact object. Using these correlations, future detections of the first few seconds of neutrino and gravitational wave emission from a galactic core-collapse supernova may be able to provide constraints on stellar evolution independent of pre-explosion imaging and the mass of the compact object remnant prior to fallback accretion.