Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects for local and nonlocal Cooper pairs

TL;DR

This paper investigates how Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher interference effects influence Josephson supercurrents involving local and nonlocal Cooper pairs in different nanostructure geometries.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical analysis of combined AB and AC effects on local and nonlocal Cooper pair transport in superconducting junctions with specific nanostructures.

Findings

AB and AC effects relate to local and nonlocal Cooper pair transport.

Interference effects depend on the geometry of the nanostructure.

Low-transmission regime isolates local and nonlocal contributions.

Abstract

We study combined interference effects due to the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) and Aharonov-Casher (AC) phases in a Josephson supercurrent of local and nonlocal (split) Cooper pairs. We analyze a junction between two superconductors interconnected through a normal-state nanostructure with either (i) a ring, where single-electron interference is possible, or (ii) two parallel nanowires, where the single-electron interference can be absent, but the cross Andreeev reflection can occur. In the low-transmission regime in both geometries the AB and AC effects can be related to only local or nonlocal Cooper pair transport, respectively.