Heavy Quarkonium in Extreme Conditions

TL;DR

This paper reviews recent theoretical advances in understanding heavy quarkonium behavior under extreme conditions, focusing on equilibrium properties, real-time dynamics, and implications for heavy-ion collision experiments.

Contribution

It provides a comprehensive overview of new theoretical tools and concepts, including effective field theories, lattice simulations, and open quantum systems, for studying quarkonium in extreme environments.

Findings

Quarkonium melting concept clarified

Advances in real-time description methods

Insights from experimental and phenomenological studies

Abstract

In this report we review recent progress achieved in the understanding of heavy quarkonium under extreme conditions from a theory perspective. Its focus lies both on quarkonium properties in thermal equilibrium, as well as recent developments towards a genuine real-time description, valid also out-of-equilibrium. We will give an overview of the theory tools developed and deployed over the last decade, including effective field theories, lattice field theory simulations, modern methods for spectral reconstructions and the the open-quantum systems paradigm. The report will discuss in detail the concept of quarkonium melting, providing the reader with a contemporary perspective. In order to judge where future progress is needed we will also discuss recent results from experiments and phenomenological modeling of quarkonium in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.