Exact solution of a anisotropic $J_1-J_2$ spin chain with antiperiodic boundary condition

TL;DR

This paper provides an exact solution for an integrable anisotropic $J_1-J_2$ spin chain with antiperiodic boundary conditions, revealing how boundary conditions affect the spectrum and ground state properties.

Contribution

It introduces a novel exact solution method for an anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain with antiperiodic boundary conditions using the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz.

Findings

Ground state energy and twisted boundary energy calculated.

Bethe roots form string structures at specific coupling.

Inhomogeneous $T-Q$ relations characterize the spectrum.

Abstract

The exact solution of an integrable anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain with nearest-neighbour, next-nearest-neighbour and scalar chirality couplings is studied, where the boundary condition is the antiperiodic one. The detailed construction of Hamiltonian and the proof of integrability are given. The antiperiodic boundary condition breaks the $U(1)$-symmetry of the system and we use the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz to solve it. The energy spectrum is characterized by the inhomogeneous $T-Q$ relations and the contribution of the inhomogeneous term is studied. The ground state energy and the twisted boundary energy in different regions are obtained. We also find that the Bethe roots at the ground state form the string structure if the coupling constant $J=-1$ although the Bethe Ansatz equations are the inhomogeneous ones.