Asymptotic temperature of a lossy condensate

TL;DR

This study investigates the long-term behavior of phononic mode temperatures in a one-dimensional lossy condensate, revealing an asymptotic temperature-to-energy ratio that is independent of loss rate and interaction strength, confirming theoretical predictions.

Contribution

The paper provides experimental confirmation of the asymptotic temperature ratio in a lossy condensate, aligning with theoretical models and demonstrating its independence from loss rate and interaction strength.

Findings

The temperature-to-energy ratio reaches an asymptotic value over time.

This ratio is independent of loss rate and interaction strength.

Experimental results agree quantitatively with theoretical predictions.

Abstract

We monitor the time evolution of the temperature of phononic collective modes in a one-dimensional quasicondensate submitted to losses. At long times the ratio between the temperature and the energy scale $mc^2$, where $m$ is the atomic mass and $c$ the sound velocity takes, within a precision of 20\%, an asymptotic value. This asymptotic value is observed while $mc^2$ decreases in time by a factor as large as 2.5. Moreover this ratio is shown to be independent on the loss rate and on the strength of interactions. These results confirm theoretical predictions and the measured stationary ratio is in quantitative agreement with the theoretical calculations.