Spin Solitons in Spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates

TL;DR

This paper presents four exact families of stable spin soliton solutions in non-integrable spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates, highlighting their unique properties and potential applications in quantum dynamics research.

Contribution

It introduces novel exact spin soliton solutions for non-integrable models, expanding understanding beyond previously known integrable cases.

Findings

Spin solitons have uniform particle density unlike integrable models.

Numerical simulations confirm the stability of these spin solitons.

Collision processes cause spin density redistribution and weak oscillations.

Abstract

Solitons in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates have been paid much attention, due to the stability and wide applications of them. The exact soliton solutions are usually obtained for integrable models. In this paper, we present four families of exact spin soliton solutions for non-integrable cases in spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates. The whole particle density is uniform for the spin solitons, which is in sharp contrast to the previously reported solitons of integrable models. The spectrum stability analysis and numerical simulation indicate the spin solitons can exist stably. The spin density redistribution happens during the collision process, which depends on the relative phase and relative velocity between spin solitons. The non-integrable properties of the systems can bring spin solitons experience weak amplitude and location oscillations after collision. These stable spin soliton excitations could be used to study the negative inertial mass of solitons, the dynamics of soliton-impurity systems, and the spin dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates.