Condensation phenomena in gravity

TL;DR

This paper explores how gravity influences critical phenomena, revealing topological singularities' effects on vacuum symmetry, ground state degeneracy, and phase transitions in models like the XY-model.

Contribution

It introduces gravitational analogues of Curie and Bloch laws and calculates the critical temperature for phase change in a gravitational context.

Findings

Topological singularities induce ground state degeneracy.

Gravity causes momenta oscillations and positive susceptibility.

Critical temperature for phase transition in XY-model has been determined.

Abstract

Gravity can play a role in critical phenomena. Topological singularities induce ground state degeneracy and break the continuum symmetry of the vacuum. They also generate momenta oscillations about an average momentum and a positive gravitational susceptibility. Gravitational analogues of the laws of Curie and Bloch have been found for a one-dimensional model. The critical temperature for a change in phase from unbound to isolated vortices has also been calculated in a $XY$-model.