Optical non-Hermitian para-Fermi oscillators

TL;DR

This paper proposes an optical simulation of non-Hermitian para-Fermi oscillators using coupled waveguides, revealing tunable exceptional points and mode control through engineered gain and loss patterns.

Contribution

It introduces a novel optical implementation of non-Hermitian para-Fermi oscillators based on a deformed $su(2)$ algebra, including mode analysis and simulation validation.

Findings

Identification of chiral and zero-energy-like modes.

Demonstration of tunable exceptional points.

Agreement between coupled mode theory and finite element simulations.

Abstract

We present a proposal for the optical simulation of para-Fermi oscillators in arrays of coupled waveguides. We use a representation that arises as a deformation of the $su(2)$ algebra. This provides us with a set of chiral and a zero-energy-like normal modes. The latter is its own chiral pair and suggest the addition of controlled losses/gains following a pattern defined by parity. In these non-Hermitian para-Fermi oscillators, the analog of the zero-energy mode presents the largest effective loss/gain and it is possible to tune the system to show sequences of exceptional points and varying effective losses/gains. These arrays can be used for mode suppression or enhancement depending on the use of loss or gain, in that order. We compare our coupled mode theory predictions with finite element method simulations to good agreement.