Convexity of sets in metric Abelian groups

TL;DR

This paper introduces a new convexity concept in metric Abelian groups generated by endomorphisms, extending classical theorems and analyzing the structure of convex sets under these transformations.

Contribution

It extends Rådström's Cancellation Theorem and Neumann's Invertibility Theorem within the context of convexity generated by endomorphisms in metric Abelian groups.

Findings

Defined convexity with respect to endomorphisms.

Extended Rådström Cancellation Theorem.

Characterized the structure of convex sets under endomorphisms.

Abstract

In the present paper, we introduce a new concept of convexity which is generated by a family of endomorphisms of an Abelian group. In Abelian groups equipped with a translation invariant metric, we define the boundedness, the norm, the measure of injectivity and the spectral radius of endomorphisms. Beyond the investigation of their properties, our first main goal is an extension of the celebrated R\aa dstr\"om Cancellation Theorem. Another result generalizes the Neumann Invertibility Theorem. Next we define the convexity of sets with respect to a family of endomorphisms and we describe the set-theoretical and algebraic structure of the class of such sets. Given a subset, we also consider the family of endomorphisms that make this subset convex and we establish the basic properties of this family. Our first main result establishes conditions which imply midpoint convexity. The next main result, using our extension of the R\aa dstr\"om Cancellation Theorem, presents further structural properties of the family of endomorphisms that make a subset convex.