Excitation functions of related parameters from transverse momentum (mass) spectra in high energy collisions

TL;DR

This study analyzes transverse momentum spectra in high-energy collisions to extract excitation functions of key parameters, revealing their energy dependence and saturation trends at collider energies.

Contribution

It introduces a comprehensive analysis of excitation functions of multiple parameters using a two-component distribution across various collision systems.

Findings

Parameters increase with collision energy

Kinetic freeze-out temperature saturates at top collider energies

Effective temperature and flow velocity show consistent energy dependence

Abstract

Transverse momentum (mass) spectra of positively and negatively charged pions, positively and negatively charged kaons, protons and antiprotons produced at mid-(pseudo)rapidity in various collisions at high energies are analyzed in this work. The experimental data measured in central gold-gold, central lead-lead, and inelastic proton-proton collisions by several international collaborations are studied. The (two-component) standard distribution is used to fit the data and extract the excitation function of effective temperature. Then, the excitation functions of kinetic freeze-out temperature, transverse flow velocity, and initial temperature are obtained. In the considered collisions, the four parameters increase with the increase of collision energy in general, and the kinetic freeze-out temperature appears the trend of saturation at the top Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider.