Bit-Interleaved Coded Multiple Beamforming in Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems

TL;DR

This paper analyzes the diversity gain of bit-interleaved coded multiple beamforming in millimeter-wave massive MIMO systems, showing full spatial multiplexing and independence of diversity gain from data streams and number of users under certain assumptions.

Contribution

It provides a theoretical analysis of diversity gain in BICMB for mmWave massive MIMO, revealing independence from data streams and user count, and derives explicit formulas under ideal conditions.

Findings

Diversity gain is independent of data streams and full multiplexing is achievable.

In multi-user scenarios, diversity gain depends only on RAUs at the transmitter.

Simulation confirms theoretical predictions under perfect CSI conditions.

Abstract

An analysis of the diversity gain for bit-interleaved coded multiple beamforming (BICMB) method in millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is carried out for both the single-user and multi-user scenario. We show that the diversity gain is independent of the number of data streams and full spatial multiplexing order can be achieved in both scenarios. Also, we show that the diversity gain in the multi-user scenario is independent of the number of users in the system and only depends on the number of the remote antenna units (RAUs) at the transmitter side, when each user has only one RAU. The assumption here is that the channel state information (CSI) is known at both sides of the transmitter and the receiver and the number of antennas in each RAU goes to infinity. This latter assumption can be relaxed by a large number of antennas in each RAU, similar to the case for all massive MIMO research. Based on these assumptions, the diversity gain for the single-user scenario is $\frac{\left(\sum_{i,j}\beta_{ij}\right)^2}{\sum_{i,j}\beta_{ij}^2L_{ij}^{-1}}$ where $L_{ij}$ is the number of propagation paths and $\beta_{ij}$ is the large scale fading coefficient between the $i$th RAU in the transmitter and the $j$th RAU in the receiver. The diversity gain in the multi-user scenario for the $k$-th user is $\frac{M^2}{\sum_{j}L_{kj}^{-1}}$ where $M$ represents the number of RAUs at the transmitter. Simulation results show that when the perfect channel state information assumption is satisfied, the use of BICMB results in the diversity gain values predicted by the analysis.