Quantum Gravity in the Lab: Teleportation by Size and Traversable Wormholes

TL;DR

This paper proposes tabletop quantum teleportation protocols inspired by traversable wormholes, introducing the concept of teleportation by size and demonstrating potential experimental implementations with current quantum platforms.

Contribution

It introduces teleportation by size as a new framework linking operator growth to information transfer, and outlines feasible experiments with Rydberg atoms and trapped ions.

Findings

Teleportation protocols mimic traversable wormholes behavior.

Size winding characterizes special operator-size distributions enabling teleportation.

Signaling persists in chaotic systems without a geometric wormhole.

Abstract

With the long-term goal of studying models of quantum gravity in the lab, we propose holographic teleportation protocols that can be readily executed in table-top experiments. These protocols exhibit similar behavior to that seen in the recent traversable wormhole constructions of [1,2]: information that is scrambled into one half of an entangled system will, following a weak coupling between the two halves, unscramble into the other half. We introduce the concept of teleportation by size to capture how the physics of operator-size growth naturally leads to information transmission. The transmission of a signal through a semi-classical holographic wormhole corresponds to a rather special property of the operator-size distribution we call size winding. For more general systems (which may not have a clean emergent geometry), we argue that imperfect size winding is a generalization of the traversable wormhole phenomenon. In addition, a form of signalling continues to function at high temperature and at large times for generic chaotic systems, even though it does not correspond to a signal going through a geometrical wormhole, but rather to an interference effect involving macroscopically different emergent geometries. Finally, we outline implementations feasible with current technology in two experimental platforms: Rydberg atom arrays and trapped ions.