Bounded masses in Two Higgs Doublets Models, Spontaneous CP Violation and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry

TL;DR

This paper investigates how perturbativity constraints in Two Higgs Doublet Models with exact symmetries impose upper bounds on scalar masses, analyzing conditions for decoupling regimes and the effects of symmetry breaking.

Contribution

It provides a detailed analysis of mass bounds and decoupling regimes in 2HDMs with $ ext{Z}_2$ and CP symmetries, considering symmetry breaking effects.

Findings

Scalar masses are bounded from above by perturbativity in symmetric 2HDMs.

Decoupling regimes can occur without violating perturbativity when the vacuum respects the symmetry.

Soft symmetry breaking can enable decoupling, but may require fine tuning.

Abstract

In Two Higgs Doublet Models (2HDMs) shaped by some unbroken symmetry, imposing perturbativity requirements on the quartic couplings can imply that the allowed masses of all the fundamental scalars are bounded from above. This important property is analysed in detail for the only two realistic 2HDMs with an exact symmetry, the case with $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry and the case with CP symmetry. It is also noticeable that one exception arises in each case: when the vacuum is assumed to respect the imposed symmetry, a decoupling regime can nevertheless appear without violating perturbativity requirements. In both models with an exact symmetry and no decoupling regime, soft symmetry breaking terms can however lead to a decoupling regime: the possibility that this regime might be unnatural, since it requires some fine tuning, is also analysed.