Exceptional points in dissipatively coupled spin dynamics

TL;DR

This paper explores how dissipative interactions in coupled spin systems lead to exceptional points, affecting magnon dynamics and enabling control over their spectral properties in magnetic materials.

Contribution

It introduces a theoretical framework showing how dissipative coupling induces exceptional points in spin dynamics, with potential experimental realization in magnetic heterostructures.

Findings

Exceptional points occur in coupled spin systems with dissipative interactions.

Tuning damping or dissipative coupling can control the emergence of EPs.

EPs influence magnon band structure, leading to phenomena like mode synchronization.

Abstract

We theoretically investigate dynamics of classical spins exchange-coupled through an isotropic medium. The coupling is treated at the adiabatic level of the medium's response, which mediates a first-order in frequency dissipative interaction along with an instantaneous Heisenberg exchange. The resultant damped spin precession yields exceptional points (EPs) in the coupled spin dynamics, which should be experimentally accessible with the existing magnetic heterostructures. In particular, we show that an EP is naturally approached in an antiferromagnetic dimer by controlling local damping, while the same is achieved by tuning the dissipative coupling between spins in the ferromagnetic case. Extending our treatment to one-dimensional spin chains, we show how EPs can emerge within the magnonic Brillouin zone by tuning the dissipative properties. The critical point, at which an EP pair emerges out of the Brillouin zone center, realizes a gapless Weyl point in the magnon spectrum. Tuning damping beyond this critical point produces synchronization (level attraction) of magnon modes over a finite range of momenta, both in ferro- and antiferromagnetic cases. We thus establish that damped magnons can generically yield singular points in their band structure, close to which their kinematic properties, such as group velocity, become extremely sensitive to the control parameters.