An Automatic Design Framework of Swarm Pattern Formation based on Multi-objective Genetic Programming

TL;DR

This paper introduces an automatic framework using multi-objective genetic programming to design swarm pattern formation models that adapt to complex environments without predefined structures.

Contribution

It proposes a novel, automatic method for designing adaptable swarm models using multi-objective genetic programming without prior structure assumptions.

Findings

Evolved models are simpler and more effective.

Models demonstrate robustness in dynamic environments.

Framework effectively balances complexity and accuracy.

Abstract

Most existing swarm pattern formation methods depend on a predefined gene regulatory network (GRN) structure that requires designers' priori knowledge, which is difficult to adapt to complex and changeable environments. To dynamically adapt to the complex and changeable environments, we propose an automatic design framework of swarm pattern formation based on multi-objective genetic programming. The proposed framework does not need to define the structure of the GRN-based model in advance, and it applies some basic network motifs to automatically structure the GRN-based model. In addition, a multi-objective genetic programming (MOGP) combines with NSGA-II, namely MOGP-NSGA-II, to balance the complexity and accuracy of the GRN-based model. In evolutionary process, an MOGP-NSGA-II and differential evolution (DE) are applied to optimize the structures and parameters of the GRN-based model in parallel. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed framework can effectively evolve some novel GRN-based models, and these GRN-based models not only have a simpler structure and a better performance, but also are robust to the complex and changeable environments.