Versatile Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering via a Quantum Frequency Comb

TL;DR

This paper demonstrates a versatile method for generating multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering using an optical frequency comb and pulse shaping, enabling flexible quantum network resources with high steerability and robustness.

Contribution

The authors introduce a novel, adaptable approach to produce on-demand multipartite Gaussian steering across multiple modes without changing the photonic setup.

Findings

Achieved 4, 8, and 16-mode Gaussian steering on demand.

Identified up to 65,534 bipartition steering configurations.

Proved robustness of steerability against mode losses.

Abstract

Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is an essential resource for quantum communication networks where the reliability of equipment at all of the nodes cannot be fully trusted. Here, we present experimental generation of a highly versatile and flexible repository of multipartite steering using an optical frequency comb and ultrafast pulse shaping. Simply modulating the optical spectral resolution of the detection system using the pulse shaper, this scheme is able to produce on-demand 4, 8 and 16-mode Gaussian steering without changing the photonics architecture. We find that the steerability increases with higher spectral resolution. For 16-mode state, we identify as many as 65534 possible bipartition steering existing in this intrinsic multimode quantum resource, and demonstrate that the prepared state steerability is robust to mode losses. Moreover, we verify four types of monogamy relations of Gaussian steering and demonstrate strong violation for one of them. Our method offers a powerful foundation for constructing quantum networks in real-world scenario.