Use Case Evolution Analysis based on Graph Transformation with Negative Application Conditions

TL;DR

This paper presents a formal approach using graph transformation with negative application conditions to analyze and manage use case evolution, helping developers assess impacts of changes early in the development process.

Contribution

It extends previous UC formalization by introducing evolution rules with NACs and implements the approach in the Verigraph tool for impact analysis.

Findings

Effective impact analysis in 3 case studies

Supports early detection of specification issues

Enhances UC evolution management

Abstract

Use Case (UC) quality impacts the overall quality and defect rate of a system, as they specify the expected behavior of an implementation. In a previous work, we have defined an approach for a step-by-step translation from UCs written in natural language to a formal description in terms of Graph Transformation (GT), where each step of the UC was translated to a transformation rule. This UC formalisation enables the detection of several specification problems even before an actual implementation is produced, thus reducing development costs. In this paper, we extend our approach to handle UC evolution by defining \emph{evolution rules}, which are described as higher-order rules, simultaneously changing the behaviour of a set of transformation rules. We also support the use of \emph{negative application conditions (NAC)} associated both to the transformation and evolution rules. Analysis of the interplay between the evolution rules and the rules describing UC steps shows the effects of an evolution and serves to identify potential impacts, even before the changes are actually carried out. Besides defining the theoretical foundations of UC evolution with NACs, we have implemented the evolution analysis technique in the Verigraph tool and used it to verify impacts in 3 different case studies. The results demonstrate the applicability and usefulness of our approach to help developers in the evolution process based on UCs.