Spectroscopy, lifetime and decay modes of the $T^-_{bb}$ tetraquark

TL;DR

This paper provides a comprehensive theoretical study of the flavor-exotic $T_{bb}^-$ tetraquark, predicting its structure, stability, decay modes, and lifetime, which guides future experimental searches and tests QCD in multiquark systems.

Contribution

It offers the first detailed four-body quark model analysis of the $T_{bb}^-$ tetraquark, including its mass, decay thresholds, and decay modes, with specific predictions for its lifetime and experimental signatures.

Findings

$T_{bb}^-$ is about 150 MeV below the strong decay threshold.

Total decay width is approximately $87 imes 10^{-15}$ GeV.

Lifetime is estimated at about 7.6 ps.

Abstract

We present the first full-fledged study of the flavor-exotic isoscalar $T_{bb}^-\equiv b b \bar u \bar d$ tetraquark with spin and parity $J^P=1^+$. We report accurate solutions of the four-body problem in a quark model, characterizing the structure of the state as a function of the ratio $M_Q/m_q$ of the heavy to light quark masses. For such a standard constituent model, $T_{bb}^-$ lies approximately 150 MeV below the strong decay threshold $B^-\bar {B^*}^{0}$ and 105 MeV below the electromagnetic decay threshold $B^- \bar B^0 \gamma$. We evaluate the lifetime of $T_{bb}^-$, identifying the promising decay modes where the tetraquark might be looked for in future experiments. Its total decay width is $\Gamma \approx 87 \times 10^{-15}$ GeV and therefore its lifetime $\tau \approx$ 7.6 ps. The promising final states are ${B^*}^{-}\, {D^*}^{+} \, \ell^- \, \bar \nu_\ell$ and $\bar {B^*}^{0} \, {D^*}^{0} \, \ell^- \, \bar \nu_\ell $ among the semileptonic decays, and ${B^*}^{-} \, {D^*}^{+} \, {D_s^*}^-$, $\bar {B^*}^{0} \, {D^*}^{0} \, {D_s^*}^- $, and ${B^*}^{-} \, {D^*}^{+} \, \rho^-$ among the nonleptonic ones. The semileptonic decay to the isoscalar $J^P=0^+$ tetraquark $T_{bc}^0$ is also relevant but it is not found to be dominant. There is a broad consensus about the existence of this tetraquark, and its detection will validate our understanding of the low-energy realizations of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in the multiquark sector.