Top-down proteomics on a microfluidic platform

TL;DR

This paper introduces a microfluidic top-down proteomics platform that rapidly identifies proteins by measuring physical and chemical properties, reducing complexity and analysis time compared to traditional methods.

Contribution

The study presents a novel microfluidic platform for protein identification that combines diffusional sizing, label-free detection, and on-chip labelling for rapid, multidimensional analysis.

Findings

Successful protein identification on a single chip

Multidimensional separation based on physical parameters

Potential for rapid clinical and laboratory applications

Abstract

Protein identification and profiling is critical for the advancement of cell and molecular biology as well as medical diagnostics. Although mass spectrometry and protein microarrays are commonly used for protein identification, both methods require extensive experimental steps and long data analysis times. Here we present a microfluidic top down proteomics platform giving multidimensional read outs of the essential amino acids of proteins. We obtain hydrodynamic radius and fluorescence signals relating to the content of tryptophans, tyrosines and lysines of proteins using a combination of diffusional sizing of proteins, label-free detection and on-chip labelling of proteins with a latent fluorophore in the solution phase. We thereby achieve identification of proteins on a single microfluidic chip by separating and mapping proteins in multidimensional space based on their characteristic physical parameters. Our results have significant implications in the development of easy and rapid platforms to use for native protein identification in clinical and laboratory settings.