Pulse and continuously driven many-body quantum dynamics of bosonic impurities in a Bose-Einstein condensate

TL;DR

This paper investigates the complex dynamics of two bosonic impurities in a Bose-Einstein condensate under periodic and continuous driving, revealing various response regimes, impurity-bath interactions, and coherence effects.

Contribution

It introduces a detailed analysis of impurity dynamics under different driving protocols, highlighting resonance effects, impurity-bath decoupling, and energy transfer mechanisms.

Findings

Resonant driving causes impurity decoupling from the bath.

High frequency driving traps impurities within the condensate.

Energy transfer from impurities to the environment increases with driving frequency.

Abstract

We unravel the periodically driven dynamics of two repulsively interacting bosonic impurities within a bosonic bath upon considering either the impact of a finite pulse or a continuous shaking of the impurities harmonic trap. Following a pulse driving of initially miscible components we reveal a variety of dynamical response regimes depending on the driving frequency. At resonant drivings the impurities decouple from their host while if exposed to a high frequency driving they remain trapped in the bosonic gas. For continuous shaking we showcase that in the resonantly driven regime the impurities oscillate back and forth within and outside the bosonic medium. In all cases, the bosonic bath is perturbed performing a collective dipole motion. Referring to an immiscible initial state we unveil that for moderate driving frequencies the impurities feature a dispersive behavior whilst for a high frequency driving they oscillate around the edges of the Thomas-Fermi background. Energy transfer processes from the impurities to their environment are encountered, especially for large driving frequencies. Additionally, coherence losses develop in the course of the evolution with the impurities predominantly moving as a pair.