Majorana Edge modes of Kitaev Chain with Multiple Time Periodic Driving

TL;DR

This paper explores how multiple periodic drivings in a Kitaev chain lead to new topological phases supporting Majorana edge modes, expanding understanding of driven superconducting systems.

Contribution

It introduces a generalized method to predict Majorana modes using Zak phase and analyzes topological phases with diverse driving phases.

Findings

New regions supporting Majorana edge modes identified

Bands crossing avoidance affects topological phase boundaries

High-frequency effective Hamiltonian reveals topological indices

Abstract

Floquet Majorana edge modes capture the topological features of periodically driven superconductors. We present a Kitaev chain with multiple time periodic driving and demonstrate how the avoidance of bands crossing is altered, which gives rise to new regions supporting Majorana edge modes. A one dimensional generalized method was proposed to predict Majorana edge modes via the Zak phase of the Floquet bands. We also study the time independent effective Hamiltonian at high frequency limit and introduce diverse index to characterize topological phases with different relative phase between the multiple driving. Our work enriches the physics of driven system and paves the way for locating Majorana edge modes in larger parameter space.