On the Rate of Neutron Star Binary Mergers from Globular Clusters

TL;DR

This study uses realistic globular cluster simulations to estimate neutron star binary merger rates, finding they are much lower than observed rates, indicating other formation channels dominate.

Contribution

It provides the first detailed dynamical modeling of NS-NS and NS-BH merger rates from globular clusters using a large, realistic simulation sample.

Findings

Merger rates from GCs are about 0.02 Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}.

Black holes dominate cluster cores, reducing NS binary formation.

GC dynamics contribute negligibly to observed merger rates.

Abstract

The first detection of gravitational waves from a neutron star - neutron star (NS-NS) merger, GW170817, and the increasing number of observations of short gamma-ray bursts (SGRBs) have greatly motivated studies of the origins of NS-NS and neutron star - black hole (NS-BH) binaries. We calculate the merger rates of NS-NS and NS-BH binaries from globular clusters (GCs) using realistic GC simulations with the \texttt{CMC} cluster catalog. We use a large sample of models with a range of initial numbers of stars, metallicities, virial radii and galactocentric distances, representative of the present-day Milky Way GCs, to quantify the inspiral times and volumetric merger rates as a function of redshift, both inside and ejected from clusters. We find that over the complete lifetime of most GCs, stellar BHs dominate the cluster cores and prevent the mass segregation of NSs, thereby reducing the dynamical interaction rates of NSs so that at most a few NS binary mergers are ever produced. We estimate the merger rate in the local universe to be $\sim\rm{0.02\,Gpc^{-3}\,yr^{-1}}$ for both NS-NS and NS-BH binaries, or a total of $\sim 0.04$~Gpc$^{-3}$~yr$^{-1}$ for both populations. These rates are about 5 orders of magnitude below the current empirical merger rate from LIGO/Virgo. We conclude that dynamical interactions in GCs do not play a significant role in enhancing the NS-NS and NS-BH merger rates.