The feedback system for the longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities in the J-PARC Main Ring

TL;DR

This paper presents a newly developed feedback system designed to suppress longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities in the J-PARC Main Ring, enabling stable high-power proton beam delivery beyond 500 kW.

Contribution

The paper introduces a novel FPGA-based feedback system with single-sideband filtering and frequency tracking to mitigate coupled-bunch instabilities during high-power operation.

Findings

Successful suppression of beam oscillations in preliminary tests.

Effective control of coupled-bunch modes during acceleration.

Potential for stable beam delivery at powers exceeding 500 kW.

Abstract

The J-PARC Main Ring (MR) has achieved the delivery of the 30 GeV proton beam with the beam power of 500 kW to the neutrino experiment in May 2018. The longitudinal coupled-bunch instabilities have been observed in the MR for the beam power beyond 470 kW. Since more significant coupled-bunch oscillation was observed in higher beam power, the mitigation of the coupled-bunch instabilities is necessary for the stable beam delivery with the beam power beyond 500 kW. A new feedback system was developed to suppress the coupled-bunch instabilities. The feedback system consists of a wall current monitor, an FPGA-based feedback processor, RF power amplifiers, and an RF cavity as a longitudinal kicker. The synchrotron sideband components of the beam signal picked up by the wall current monitor are detected by the feedback processor and used for the feedback control. The single-sideband filtering technique is employed in the feedback processor to control each coupled-bunch mode separately. To accommodate the change of the synchrotron frequency during the acceleration, a synchrotron frequency tracking CIC filter is used as a low pass filter in the single-sideband filter. We present the preliminary beam test results to suppress the beam oscillation with the developed feedback system.