The Origin of Large-Scale Magnetic Fields in Low-Mass Galaxies

TL;DR

This paper proposes that mean-field dynamo mechanisms can generate large-scale magnetic fields in low-mass galaxies with thick discs, explaining observed magnetic phenomena previously thought unlikely.

Contribution

It demonstrates that mean-field dynamo action is feasible in low-mass galaxies with thick discs, expanding understanding of galactic magnetic field origins.

Findings

Mean-field dynamo can operate in thick-disc low-mass galaxies.

Differential rotation requirements decrease with increasing disc aspect ratio.

Large-scale magnetic fields in low-mass galaxies can be explained by dynamo theory.

Abstract

The origin of large-scale magnetic fields, detected in some low-mass (dwarf and irregular) galaxies via polarised synchrotron emission and Faraday rotation, remained unexplained for a long time. We suggest that mean-field dynamo can be active in galaxies of this class despite their slow rotation because their discs are relatively thick. Earlier assessments of the possibility of the mean-field dynamo action in low-mass galaxies relied on estimates applicable to $\textit{thin}$ discs, such as those in massive spiral galaxies. Using both order-of-magnitude estimates and numerical solutions, we show that the strength of differential rotation required to amplify magnetic field reduces as the aspect ratio of the galactic gas layer increases. Thus, the puzzle of the origin of large-scale magnetic fields appears to be solved. As a result, this class of galaxies provides a new ground for testing our understanding of galactic magnetism.